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Defamation

Defamation is the act of making false statements that harm the reputation of an individual or organization.

What forms does defamation take?

A defamatory statement can fall into two categories: libel and slander. In a general sense, libel is written or published defamation. It also includes images. Slander is defamation that’s spoken.

However, something defamatory that’s broadcast on radio or television—while spoken—is usually considered libel. That’s because an element of libel is that it reaches a large audience and is more permanent, whereas slander is person-to-person speech, making it more fleeting and temporary.

Interestingly, social media is reshaping the legal landscape when it comes to defamation law. For example, TikTok and Instagram video posts could definitely be considered libel, since they’re published. However, depending on the type of format they take (like a livestream), they may fall into the slander category as well.

What are some examples of business defamation?

There are many ways a business can be defamed, and it can come from a lot of different sources. Here are some examples of what’s considered defamation of a company:

  • A competitor makes false claims a business is under investigation.
  • An unhappy customer leaves fake online reviews accusing a company of unethical practices.
  • A disgruntled former employee makes damaging, false accusations on social media about bad work conditions.

As you can imagine, a business’s reputation can be tarnished by such untrue, negative statements. If the company files a lawsuit and can demonstrate actual harm, they could be awarded damages and recover some money they lost due to the defamation.

What proof do you need for a defamation lawsuit?

If you’ve experienced company defamation, you may wonder, “Can I sue for defamation of my business?” The answer is yes, you can bring a civil lawsuit against whomever made the statements against your business, as long as they aren’t statements of opinion, which are protected by the First Amendment.

If a reasonable person would view what was said as merely subjective, then you don’t have a case. But if the general public would consider what was said was asserted as a fact, then it can be defamation.

However, you’ll need to prove several things to win your case, including the statement was:

  • False: It was demonstrably untrue.
  • Communicated: It must have been made to a third party via spoken word (slander) or published or written (libel).
  • Identifiable: It must be shown to refer to your business.
  • Harmful: It was detrimental to your business, for example you experienced financial loss or reputational damage.

In addition to proving elements about the statement itself, you also have to show the defendant was at fault. And that burden varies depending on who was being defamed.

If the untrue statement was made against a private individual, the person who made the statement must be shown to have been negligent. That is, they didn’t take reasonable care to verify the truth of the statement. But if the statement was made against a public figure, then it must be proven the person who made the statement acted with actual malice – or they knew it was untrue but acted with reckless disregard to the false information. It implies intent.

When it comes to defamation of a business, a law firm or court could treat the company as a private individual or a public figure. It usually depends on the size and notoriety of the company.

How insurance covers defamation of a business

Certain business liability insurance policies can help you if you’re the defendant in a business defamation lawsuit.

General liability insurance: Your commercial general liability (CGL) policy protects you if you’re accused of defamation. It would fall under personal and advertising injuries. The policy would cover expenses such as legal fees, settlement or judgment costs, and court fees. A business owner’s policy (BOP) would offer the same type of coverage.

Professional liability insurance: Professional liability is also called errors and omissions (E&O) insurance. It’s designed for businesses that make a living off expertise. In the case of defamation, professional liability insurance would cover the risk for some professions with unique exposures to slander or libel, like lawyers and translators.

Media liability insurance: Media liability is a type of E&O coverage for media professionals. It can help cover legal costs if you're sued for libel or slander. Some policies include third-party cyber liability coverage, which protects businesses that publish digital content. It also applies to those in media and advertising, such as writersinfluencers and YouTuberspodcasterssocial media companiesbloggers, and publishers. Like a CGL, E&O can cover defamation-related legal expenses.

Why protection against defamation of a business matters

If someone makes false statements against your company, it can hurt your business in several different ways. The most widespread effect could be reputational harm, which could result in a loss of customers, a reluctance for partnerships, and a downturn in revenue. That’s why many people and companies take legal action and sue if someone defames them.

At the same time, if you’re the defendant in a libel or slander case, you want to make sure you have as much protection as possible to shield yourself from financial harm. Being accused of making false statements has negative repercussions on your company’s reputation, which could result in a loss of income.

You’ll also have legal costs—which could include settlements, actual damages, and punitive damages—and expenses related to public relations management or PR recovery efforts. Paying for business litigation is often overwhelming for a small business, so having the right insurance can be a key to your company’s bottom line, and maybe even its survival.

Get the best insurance coverage with Insureon

Determining the best way to protect yourself from business defamation claims is simple with Insureon. Start a quote by answering a few simple questions on our website. Then, one of our expert insurance agents will respond with a few options for you to compare. The policies will come from reputable U.S. insurance companies with affordable premiums.

After you’ve found a plan that fits your small business’s needs, your coverage can begin within 24 hours and you’ll have access to an online portal where you can find policy documents, including a certificate of insurance (COI).

Updated: May 29, 2025

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