Glossary of Business Insurance Terms
What kind of work do you do?
Business owner looking at certificate of liability
Choose from the nation's best insurance providers
Logos of Insureon's business insurance carrier partners

Freelancer

A freelancer is a type of independent contractor. Though the terms essentially mean the same thing, freelancers typically work in a creative field.

What is a freelancer?

A freelancer is a self-employed individual who offers services to clients on a project, hourly, or contract basis. Freelancers operate as independent businesses rather than employees, which means they choose the work they take on, set their own schedules and rates, and often work with multiple clients at once.

Freelancers are common in creative, technical, and professional fields such as graphic designweb development, and consulting. Many freelancers work from home or shared workspaces, while others work onsite at client locations depending on the nature of the project.

Key characteristics of freelancers

Freelancers have several traits that distinguish them from traditional employees, which include:

  • Independence and control. They decide which clients to work with, how much to charge, how to structure their time, and how they complete a project. They're responsible for managing their own workload, deadlines, and client communication.
  • Multiple clients. Freelancers may have long-term relationships with some clients while taking on short-term or one-off projects with others. Their income can vary month to month depending on workload and demand.
  • Self-employment responsibilities. Freelancers handle their own business operations, which can include billing, marketing, bookkeeping, contracts, and taxes. They manage their own equipment, software, and tools needed for their work.
  • Project-based work. Instead of earning a salary or hourly wage through an employer, freelancers are commonly paid per project, per deliverable, or per hour. Work arrangements are often flexible and tailored to each client.

Common types of freelance work

Freelancing exists in nearly every industry. Some common categories include:

Some freelancers operate under their own name, while others create a small business or LLC to formalize their work.

Find free small business insurance quotes
Small business owner looking for insurance quotes on their tablet.

How do freelancers differ from employees?

A freelancer isn't considered an employee of the companies they work for. This distinction affects their working relationship and legal obligations:

  • No employer-provided benefits: Freelancers typically don’t receive health insurance, paid time off, retirement plans, or other traditional employee benefits.
  • Tax responsibilities: Freelancers are usually treated as independent contractors and receive Form 1099 from clients who paid them $600 or more during the year. They’re responsible for paying self-employment taxes and estimating quarterly tax payments.
  • Control over work process: Clients can request certain deliverables or deadlines, but freelancers generally control how the work is completed.
  • Not covered by employer policies: Freelancers aren’t protected by workers’ compensation, liability policies, or employee protections unless they purchase their own coverage.
You may also like
Self-employed business owner looking at business details.
What is the difference between self-employed business owners vs. independent contractors?
Anyone who works but isn’t an employee is self-employed. This includes independent contractors, although not everyone who is self-employed is an independent contractor. The difference depends on their relationship with customers and how they work, rather than the field they work in.

How do freelancers differ from independent contractors?

The definition of freelancer vs. independent contractor is the same in terms of reporting income to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), although there are differences between the two in the nature of their work.

The term “freelancer” is often used for those working in creative fields under short-term contracts, under agreements that define the scope of a project, its cost, or their hourly wage.

Independent contractors typically work under a contract with the client that specifies the scope of a project, their responsibilities, deadlines, and costs. Contractors may perform work on a long-term basis.

What are the advantages of being a freelancer?

Freelancing allows someone to be their own boss and to choose which projects they work on, the amount of money they’re willing to accept, and where and how the work is performed.

What are the disadvantages of freelancing?

As a business owner, you could be subject to lawsuits over injuries, property damage, or financial damage related to your work. If you were an employee, your employer would likely face this litigation instead.

For example, IT consultants who freelance could face a lawsuit if they recommend insecure software or overlook a security flaw that leads to a data breach.

How can you reduce freelancer business risks?

Freelancer business insurance can reduce the financial risks of a costly lawsuit over the quality of your work. Some recommended policies for those just starting the freelance business include:

General liability insurance, which protects you from lawsuits over third-party injuries or property damage. If you damage someone’s property while working on a photo or video shoot, they could sue you for the cost of repairs. If a graphic designer exposes a client to cyber hacking or a loss of data, the client could sue for the financial damages it causes.

Professional liability insurance, also called errors and omissions (E&O) insurance, covers lawsuits related to mistakes in your work, missed deadlines, scope disagreements, or claims of negligence. If a client says your work caused financial harm, this policy helps pay for legal defense and settlements.

Workers’ compensation insurance, while not typically required for freelancers, can pay your medical bills and lost wages if you’re injured on the job.

Cyber insurance safeguards your business as cyber incidents continue to be a growing threat. A lost laptop, hacked email account, ransomware attack, or accidental exposure of client data can be costly. This is especially important for IT freelancers, marketers, web developers, consultants, content creators, and anyone who stores or transfers client files.

Get free quotes and buy online with Insureon

Complete Insureon’s easy online application to compare small business insurance quotes from top-rated U.S. providers. Once you find the right policy for your small business, you can begin coverage in less than 24 hours.

What our customers are saying

Updated: December 17, 2025
Small business owner signing up for Insureon e-mail newsletter.

Want free expert advice right in your inbox?

By entering your email address and subscribing, you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy

Get free insurance quotes for your small business

Save money by comparing insurance quotes from multiple carriers.
EXPLORE ON INSUREON
Does my side hustle need insurance?How to find clients if you’re an IT freelancerHow does a small business loan work?How to protect your tech company from 6 common startup business risksThe benefits and limitations of small business insuranceWhat is a contingent worker, and how can they help your small business?